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The Selection of the Optimal Detection Method for Agricultural Crops by Satellite Images of High Resolution (the Saratov Volga Region as an Example)

Authors: Makarov V. Z., Gusev V. A., Shlapak P. A., Reshetarova D. A.

The article provides finding the optimal method for crop detection by high resolution satellite imagery (using the Landsat 8 and Sentinel 2 shooting systems as an example), examines the advantages and disadvantages of existing algorithms and recording systems and selects the optimal method. The result of the study is the application of the optimal algorithm for crop detection and its verification on arable lands of the Saratov Volga region.

Demographic Aging of the Rural Population of Saratov Region

Authors: Ustavshchikova S. V.

The rural population of Saratov region is rapidly declining. This is due to the negative natural growth, and a significant migratory outflow. These factors lead to population aging. The proportion of people over 60 in the entire population of rural areas is growing. The demographic burden on the working-age population is increasing, and the aging index is increasing. The aging of population is largely due to a significant migration outflow of young people from the region. This is a specificity of the region.

The Development of an Algorithm for Constructing the Flood Zones Using Geoinformation Technologies (on the Example of the Medveditsa River Section Near Petrovsk)

Authors: Shlapak P. A., Morozova V. A., Morozova E. A.

The article discusses aspects of developing an algorithm for flood zones modeling using modern geographic information technologies in the area of the river near the town Petrovsk. The integrated approach to the flood zones modeling of different hydrological magnitude is considered. As a result of the developed algorithm application, flood risk areas with different probabilities (1, 5, 25 and 50%) with an indication of the depth of flooding are identified.

Estimation of Impulse Response of Earth’s Climate System at Century Time Interval

Authors: Bogdanov M. B., Chervyakov M. Y.

The Earth’s climate system (ECS) is considered as a linear system whose input is the change in the solar constant, and whose output is the global mean near-surface temperature anomaly. As a result of the restoration of the impulse response at century time interval using reconstructed data on the solar constant and global temperature it was shown that its time constant is 32 ± 14 years. The sensitivity of the ECS to radiative forcing is 1.31 ± 0.63 K·W-1·m2, and the positive feedback coefficient is 4.4 ± 2.1.

Features of the Transboundary Rivers of Central Asia (on the Example of Kyrgyzstan)

Authors: Donbaeva G. Ч.

The article describes the current situation of water resources in Central Asia (on the example of Kyrgyzstan) which recently caused a number of national and international meetings, consultations, and conflicts. The issue becomes even more acute when they are of a transboundary nature. In this regard, it is necessary to implement an integrated approach in the management of water and energy resources of transboundary rivers.

Pollution of the Territory of the Pribaikalsky National Park by Emissions from Forest Fires

Authors: Novikova S. A., Shcherbakova I. V.

The aim of the work is to assess the contribution of emissions from forest fires to air pollution using the example of the territory of the Pribaikalsky National park. To achieve this goal, calculations of gross emissions were carried out based on forestry data on fires. With the help of the program complex «Ecologist» calculations of concentrations of impurities emitted into the atmosphere during forest fires were carried out. Based on the results of the calculations, maps of the concentrations of pollutants released into the atmosphere from fires were created.

Evaluating the Degree of Favourable Overwintering of Winter Crops on the Territory of the Saratov Region

Authors: Pryakhina S. I., Ormeli E. I.

The article presents the agroclimatic characteristic of the winter season on daily meteorological weather data for 1941–2019 at the Saratov South-East (SE) station. The agroclimatic characteristic of the winter season at the stations of the Saratov region (Khvalynsk, Balashov, Ershov, Alexandrov Gai) is presented for the last 10 years. The point rating of the degree of favorable overwintering of winter crops was carried out at the Saratov SE station for 1962–2019.

The Content of Mobile Forms of Heavy Metals in Soils in the Territory of the Recreation Zone «Victory Park» (Saratov)

Authors: Sheshnev A. S., Eremin V. N., Reshetnikov M. V., Teslinova O. V.

The soil cover in the territory of the large recreational zone «Victory Park», which performs environmental, memorial and educational functions, was studied. According to the analysis results of mobile forms of heavy metals concentrations the assessment of the current sanitaryhygienic and ecologic-geochemical condition of soils was carried out. An excess of the maximum permissible concentrations in most of the samples for nickel, lead, and copper was found.

Assessment of technogenic load of Nizhny Tagil city pond and environmental risk management based on multifractal dynamics

Authors: Kulnev V. V., Nasonov A. N., Tsvetkov I. V., Mezhova L. A.

Algoremediation which is a method of natural and waste water treatment due to the metabolic potential of chlorococcal microalgae is based on the principle of system stability. The method of pollution degree estimation of anthropogenic loaded water object based on the application of fractal calculation is shown. Factor analysis has been used to determine the parameters of the environmental system of Nizhny Tagil city pond which are the basis for a new approach to evaluating the efficiency of environmental protection measures through geoecological risk management.

Facies structure of the chalk natural landmark of the nature monument “Chalk slopes with calcephil plants near town Volsk”

Authors: Makarov V. Z., Volkov Y. V., Arhipova E. A., Nevryuev A. M., Melnikova E. S.

The article presents the results of landscape-ecological studies of the site of the natural monument “Chalk slopes with calcephil plants near town Volsk” in the Saratov region. For the first time, the facies rows of the chalk buttes of the Volsky Pre-Volga region are identified, their characteristics are presented, and the conservational risks to calciphytic diversity are indicated.

On the manifestations of climate change in the wind regime in the territory of Syunik marz (Armenia)

Authors: Margaryan V. G., Avetisyan G. D., Khachatryan G. A., Margaryan P. N.

The manifestations of climate change in the regularities of the wind regime in the territory of Syunik marz of Armenia are considered. Monthly wind data for the period 1966–2018 of six weather stations were used as a source material. It was found that at all meteostations, except for Kapan, currently operating in the territory of Syunik marz there is a tendency towards a decrease in wind speed for 1966–2018. The number of cases of wind directions and calmness also fluctuates, due to climate changes, which are presented in the work on the example of the Goris weather station.

The urban settlement pattern on the banks of some rivers in Europe: Search for inter-city interval

Authors: Preobrazhenskiy Y. V.

The study continues to identify the typical interval between cities on major rivers in the search for patterns in the organization of geospatial elements, including point (cities) and linear (rivers) objects. It is stated that the latter are divided into approximately equal segments measured by the river (inter-city intervals). This article examines the features of urban population distribution along the banks of six major rivers in Europe. Typical inter-city intervals were identified for them.

Assessment of the geoecological state of surface watercourses in the Slavsky district, Kaliningrad region (summer hydrological season)

Authors: Spirin Y. A., Zotov S. I.

The paper provides an assessment of the geoecological state of surface watercourses in the Slavsky district, Kaliningrad region in the summer hydrological season. For this purpose, the choice of watercourses for research was carried out, which, in aggregate, could characterize the river network of the Slavsky district as a whole, they were: r. Zlaya, r. Shluzovaya, r. Nemoninka and r. Osa. Water samples were taken for hydrochemical analysis and the hydrometric characteristics of the rivers were measured.

Some population mortality indicators of the large region of Volga federal district

Authors: Ustavshchikova S. V.

Reducing the mortality rate of the population: general, in childhood and people of working age is a priority goal of the federal and regional authorities. However, an increase in the proportion of the population in older ages in the total population, and an increase in life expectancy leads to an aging of the population as a whole, and, consequently, to an increase (all other things being equal) of the relative mortality rates of the entire population.

The prevalence of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas in Saratov (medico-geographical analysis)

Authors: Konopatskova O. M., Makarov V. Z., Kuzinova Y. K., Reshetarova D. A.

Malignant neoplasms of the lymphatic system, which are characterized by damage to groups of lymph nodes and/or damage to internal organs are called lymphomas. The analysis of statistical data shows that there is incomplete information about the incidence in specific regions. The study of the prevalence of lymphomas, the need to monitor the incidence, and the identification and analysis of possible links between pathology and urban environmental features are an urgent problem. The paper analyzes the dynamics of the incidence of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in Saratov from 2009 to 2019.

Population dynamics of Volgograd, Samara and Saratov regions: Contribution of migration

Authors: Ustavshchikova S. V.

Volgograd, Samara and Saratov regions are neighboring regions. Demographic development in the regions has general trends. Migration is becoming the main component influencing the differences in population dynamics in the regions. The Samara region continues to attract both interregional Russian and international migrants.

Possibilities of using space-cartographic methods in strategic environmental assessment

Authors: Zheleznov Y. A.

This article analyzes the current state of space-cartographic research methods and their application in strategic environmental assessment using the example of processing space-cartographic material and its digitalization in order to form a digital management platform that will further allow developing necessary measures for effective environmental management. The basics are briefly outlined and the possibility of using space-cartographic methods to study the state of geoecosystems for solving highly specialized problems in the context of strategic environmental assessment is considered.

Urbanized framework of the Volga-Ural macroregion: Assessment of the potential intensity of economic relations

Authors: Preobrazhenskiy Y. V.

Identifying the spatial structures of economic activity within a supra-regional entity is an urgent scientific task. In this study, it is solved using a combination of a framework approach and a model analog of the gravitational interaction for the cities of the Volga-Ural macroregion.

Synoptic conditions for the formation of thundersnow in the territory of Western Siberia

Authors: Pryakhina S. I., Kotova A. A.

The article presents the results of work on the study of synoptic conditions for the formation of a dangerous weather phenomenon for the territory of Western Siberia – a thundersnow. The material for the study was the archive of aerosynoptic material from the Khanty-Mansiysk Air Meteorological Center.

Anomalous phenomena and geoecological situation in the Russian Far East

Authors: Skrylnik G. P.

The development of the geosystems of the Russian Far East proceeds under the enormous but contradictory in nature double influence of the continent and the ocean and is carried out through the atmosphere. The goal is to characterize hazardous natural phenomena depending on the differentiated natural tension of the Far East (from maximum in the south to moderate in the north), often causing disasters and creating tense levels of the geoecological situation in general. The article presents comparative-geographical, geophysical, informational methods, as well as author’s development, etc.

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