Geography

Estimation of frequency response of the global temperature to change in radiative forcing

Authors: Bogdanov M. B., Chervyakov M. Y.

The Earth’s climate system (ECS) is considered as a linear system whose input is a change in the solar constant ΔI( t) and the output is an anomaly of the globally averaged surface temperature ΔT( t). The system input can be affected by other factors, and at the output their own temperature fluctuations and a random noise manifest themselves. All these factors are assumed to be independent of ΔI( t). The spectral analysis of monthly mean values of ΔI( t) and ΔT( t) shows the existence of statistically significant coherence.

The effect of changes in cosmic ray flux on general atmospheric circulation

Authors: Bogdanov M. B., Morozova S. V.

A comparison of average daily values time series of the axial component of the global wind angular moment and galactic cosmic ray (GCR) flux was made. Using the superposed epoch method it is shown that the Forbush decreases of the GCR flux are accompanied by an increase in the average angular velocity of atmospheric circulation and, accordingly, by an increase in the zonal transfer.

Mineral composition and pollutant content in the bed load of watercourses on the territory of the city of Volsk

Authors: Sheshnev A. S., Majeed D., Reshetnikov M. V.

The article deals with the studies of the bed load of watercourses on the territory of the city of Volsk (Saratov region). The research shows that quartz to be the most widespread rock-forming mineral. As the proportion of quartz decreases, the calcite content increases. Ecologicalgeochemical state of the bed load in spring worsens as compared to summer due to the arrival of pollutants with melting snow from the urban watershed. The bed load with a high content of pollutants should be considered as an object of accumulated environmental damage.

Demographic development of the Volga-Ural macroregion as a determinant of social development

Authors: Ustavshchikova S. V.

The formation and development of agglomeration zones in the Volga-Ural macroregion should contribute to the preservation and development of the demographic resource. Economic and social changes during the development of the agglomeration are likely to help the formation of the migration attractiveness of the territory.

The current state of dust content in the atmospheric air of Yerevan

Authors: Margaryan V. G., Khachatryan G. A.

This article discusses the state of atmospheric air. Based on the results of the analysis, an assessment of its pollution levels in the city of Yerevan was carried out. It is shown that the concentration of dust in the atmospheric air has a well-defined annual course. The maximum values of dust concentration are typical for the warm period of the year. The greatest proportion of air pollution is observed in the administrative district of Kentron, the excess of dust content in relation to MPC. 

The use of Earth remote sensing data in the study of mountain glaciers (on the example of the Alibek glacier in Karachay-Cherkessia)

Authors: Makarov V. Z., Tyukov D. V., Shlapak P. A.

The article presents the results of studying the dynamics of changes in the Alibek glacier according to space images of different years. Methods for processing remote sensing data (ERS) of the Earth to determine the structural elements of the glacial surface are considered. The obtained data are compared with ground meteorological parameters.

Geological assessing artificial water bodies of the influence zone of metallurgical plants

Authors: Antsiferova G. A., Kulnev V. V., Shevyrev S. L., Mezhova L. A.

On the basis of the results interpretation of hydrochemical indicators change dynamics and the application of bioindication method by phytoplankton communities the geoecological state of two artificial reservoirs located in the zones of influence of metallurgical works objects and tested rehabilitation by introducing two strains of algae chlorella: the Matyrsky reservoir (Chlorella vulgaris ИФР No. C-111) and Balandinsky pond (Chlorella kessleri ВКПМ A1-11 ARW) is given. The positive role of using the method of correction of algocenosis is shown.

Cartographic support of tourist activities (map of the weekend route “Saratov in the movie” as an example)

Authors: Molochko A. V., Fomichev N. S.

The article provides an overview of the main types and features of cartographic support for the needs of tourists and tourist activities. An example of a modern thematic route is presented, as well as options for the compilation and layout of a tourist booklet. The research is aimed at popularizing regional tourism and attracting the attention of guests and residents of Saratov to non-traditional cultural and educational routes.

Spatial planning at the macro and micro levels: Problems of taxonomy and polarization (on the example of the Volga-Ural macroregion)

Authors: Preobrazhenskiy Y. V.

The issue of spatial planning includes the subject of taxonomy. It seems that it is necessary to switch to the practice of planning, in addition to the meso-level (subject of the Russian Federation), at two taxonomic levels: the macroregion and the economic microdistrict. To do this, the article identifies the main properties of these formations. On the example of the Volga-Ural macroregion the properties of integrity, complementarity and connectivity are analyzed. The idea of using micro-level nodal districts (economic micro-districts) is substantiated as objects of spatial planning.

Anomalous phenomena and geoecological situation in the Russian Far East

Authors: Skrylnik G. P.

The development of the geosystems of the Russian Far East proceeds under the enormous but contradictory in nature double influence of the continent and the ocean and is carried out through the atmosphere. The goal is to characterize hazardous natural phenomena depending on the differentiated natural tension of the Far East (from maximum in the south to moderate in the north), often causing disasters and creating tense levels of the geoecological situation in general. The article presents comparative-geographical, geophysical, informational methods, as well as author’s development, etc.

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